Oil burner



1, 2 1 March 15, 1927. G. H CROWELL 6 1 3 3 OIL BURNER Filed March 6, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 15, 1927.

G. H. CROWELL OIL BURNER Filed March 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 admission of air to the burner throug Patented Mar. 15, 1927.

UNITED STATES GEORGE E. GROWELL, 0! 3mm, m

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Application filed larch 6, 1m. Serial Ho. 08,776.

This invention relates to im rovements in oil burners and is particular y directed to burners such as are installed 1n residential heating systems for burning oil instead of coal or other solid fuel.

It is an object of the invention to provide such an oil burner with means whereby the air manifold will be automatically and accurately controlled, so that in each position of adjustment there willbe correct and proportionate volume of air with respect to the amount of oil supplied to the burner.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for imparting a whirling motion to a portion of the incomin air so that a more intimate and thoroug mixture of the air and oil will be obtained.

\Vith these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of the burner, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, ointed out in the appended claims, and il ustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of a ort-ion of a furnace showing the burner installed therein;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the burner detached from the furnace;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the burner disc, and

Fig. 4 is an inverted plan view of the burner disc.

In the drawings, the numeral 1 represents a domestic furnace adapted for heating either by hot air, hot water, or steam, having the usual ash pit 2, and grate bars 3. Mounted on the floor of the ash pit is a supporting base 4, having a plurality of upstanding apertured bosses, or projections 5 into which standards 6, forming a support for the burner base 7, are threaded. The standards 6 support the burner base 7 in place upon the grate bars 3, for which purpose the burner base is provided with a projecting flange 8 having threaded bosses or projections 9, into which the standards 6 are threaded. To rovide for the proper 'seati of the burner ass 7 upon grate bars of di erent makes of furnaces in which the height of the grate bars from the floor of the ash pit vary, the standards 6 have their ends which screw into the bosses or proi st a 5 and 1* h ads? is ces demble distance. It will thus be readily understood that by screwing the standards 6 into the bosses or ElOjCtlOllS 5 and 9 varying distances, the urnerbase 7 may be roperly seated upon the grate bars 0 any make of furnace. The threading of the standards 6 into thebosses 5 and 9 will provide for an approximate leveling of the urner base 7, but a minute leveling of the burner base cannot be readily obtained in this manner. To provide for such a minute leveling of the burner base 7 the supportmg base 4 is provided with a plurality of leveling screws 10 ada ted to overcome any unequal adjustment 0 the standards 6, or any unevenness of the floor of the ash pit. ocated centrally of the burner base 7 is an aperture 11 over which is placed a horizontal burnin disc 12, which may be formed integral with the burner base 7, but referably, for purposes of construction, ormed of a separate piece removably secured to the base by means of bolts 13, on the like. The burner disc 12 is provided at its outer periphery with an upstanding flange 12' ada ted to retain any unvaporized oil upon t e disc until vaporization and combustion take place. On diametrically opposite sides of the burner disc 12 the base 7 is provided with apertures 14 and 15, which communicate with a manifold 16 having a downwardl disposed aperture 17 therein throu h whic air communicated to said manifol through the apertures 14 and 15 is distributed onto the upper surface of the burner disc 12 su ported on the base 6 beneath said manifold? The oil is supplied to the burner disc 12 b means of a supply Ripe 18 having a suita le control valve 19. he supply pipe 18 extends beneath the base 7 and passes upwardl through the burner disc 12 at a point slig tly to one side of the center thereof. In order that the oil which is supplied slightly to one side of the center of the disc may be evenly distributed oven its upper surface, the disc is provided with a semi-circular rib 20, having its open side toward the center of the disc. The rib 20 causes a greater ortion of the oil to be directed toward t e side of the disc opposite the rib and thereby causes an even distribution and burning of the oil over the entire surface of the disc 12.

If the maximum efliciency is to be obtained from a burner of this character it is essential that the volume of air supplied to the burner through the manifold 16 be accurately proportionedwith respect to the amount of oil supplied to the burner, so as to obtain a complete combustion of all of the oil. To provide for the correct volume of air being admitted to the burner regardless of how the oil supply valve 19 may be adjusted, an automatic regulation of the air supply is provided. The sup rtin base 4 has projecting from one side t cm the extension 21, havin secured at its outer end the upri ht mem r 22 provided with an elongate opening 23. Pivoted to the extension 21 between the base 4 and the upright 22, is a second upright 24 which acts as a fulcrum for a valve adjusting lever 25. The inner end of the lever 25 is pivotally connected to a valve rod 26 which passes u wardly through the center of the burning (1180 12 and the downwardly disposed aperture 17 and out through the top of the manifold 16. Located within the manifold 16. and carried by the rod 26 is a conical valve 27, ada ted to control the passage of air throu h tlie downwardly displosed aperture 17 o the manifold 16 to t e burning disc 12. The outer end of the lever 25 extends beyond the upright 22 and has pivoted thereto the upright link 28, which 1s ad'ustably secured at its upper end 29 to a rod 30 rigidly carried by the oil su ply valve operating means. To steady the ever 25 in its operation it is provided with a projecting pin, or the like, 31, which asses through the elongated opening 23 m t e upri ht 22, which is retained therein b means 0 a head 32. When the burner is installed in the furnace, the conical valve 27 will be set to admit, from the manifold 16, the correct volume of air with res to the amount of oil supplied to the burner. Thereafter any ad'ustment of the valve 19 will cause an osci latory movement of the link 30, which movement will be transmitted through the upright 28, lever 25 and rod 26 to the air re sting valve 27, thereby causing the o mng or closing of the aperture 1 a su cient amount to maintain the established pro rtion between air and oil.

As thus far escribed the air for supporting combustion of the oil is admitted to the f manifold 16, from which it is directed downwardly through he aperture 17 onto the top of the burning disc 12. It has also been found desirable to admit a portion of the air from beneath the disc 12, and for this purpose the disc is slightly spaced from the base 7 to provide an annular opening 33 through which the additional su ply of air passes. It has also been foun desirable,

in order to hold the air in contact with the oil longer and to cause a muflling of the noise, to give the air entering the combustion chamber through the opening 33 a h l ng-maths- To h s an the lb vr h 'poassing through tie manifold, said means face of the disc 12 has formed thereon a plurality of spiral vanes 34 through which the air must pass before entering the combastion chamber through the annular opening 33, and which impart the necessary whirling motion to the' air to hold it in contact with the oil on the upper surface of the disc 12, a suflicient length of time to enable complete combustion.

No means is provided for regulating the amount of air which passes through the annular opening 33, as it has been found that an automatic regulation of the volume of air which asses through the downwardly disposed aperture 17 onto the top surface of the burnin disc 12 is suflicient to maintain the estab ished proportion of air and gas.

Although the invention has been described wlth reference to a articular combination and arrangement 0 parts, it is to be understood that the invention is not so limited, but that any changes within the scope of the appended claims may be made wit out departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a fluid fuel burner, a burnin surface, means for supply fuel to sai surface, means for varying t e amount of fuel supplied, a manifold throu h which air p downwardly onto sai surface, and means within and cooperatin with said manifold for va ing the vofume of air ing positioned adjacent the air outlet of the manifold and centrall disposed with respect to the burning sur ace.

'2. In a fluid fuel burner, a burning surface, means for suppl ing a variable supply of fuel to said su ace, a manifold having an outlet above the burning surface, a reciprocating valve within said manifold adjacent the outlet thereof around which the air passes downwardly onto the burn surface, and means for ad'usting the valve with respect to the mani old to vary the volume of air assing out of said manifold.

3. In a fluid fuel burner, a4 burnin surface, means for supplyin fuel to sai surace, means for var ing t 0 amount of fuel supplied, a manifol having an outlet above the burning surface, a rec1procating valve within the manifold adjacent the outlet thereof around which air passes downward- 1y onto the bu surface, and means for simultaneously ad ustin the valve with respect to the manifold as the supply of fuel is varied to automatically regu to the volume of air ass' out of said manifold.

4. In a flui fuel urner, a burn surface, meansfor supplyifi fuel to sai surface, means for-ya e amount of supplied, a manrfol having an outlet above ltltl ur'nm'g surface, exempt-coating valve within the manifold adjacent the outlet thereof around which air asses downwardly onto the burning sul ace, means independent of said manifold for suppl ing an additional amount of air to said burning surface from beneath, and means for s1- multaneously adjusting the valve with respect to the manifold to vary the volume of .air supplied to the burning surface through the manifold.

5. In an oil burner, a burner plate hava substantially flat surface and an oil conduit extending therethrough at one side only, means for supplying oil through said conduit to said burner plate, and means between said conduit and the side of the plate adjacent thereto for causing a substantially even distribution of the oil over said plate.

6. In an oil burner, a burner plate having a substantially flat surface and an oil conduit extending therct-hrough at one side thereof only, means for supplying oil through said conduit to said burner plate, and a curved projection on one side of said burner plate for causin a substantially even distribution of the 01 over the surface thereof.

7. In an oil stationary burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said burner disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber and means on the lower surface of said disc for imparting a whirling motion to the air.

8. In an oil stationary burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and spiral vanes on the lower surface of said disc for imparting a whirling motion to the air.

9. In an oil burner, a combustion chamher, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said disc, means for supplying air to the combustion chamber from above the burner disc,'means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and means for imparting a whirling motion to the air admitted from beneath the burner disc.

10. In an oil burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to the combustion chamber from above said burner disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and means on the lower surface of said burner disc for imparting a whirling motion to the air admitted from beneath the burner disc.

11. In an oil burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said disc, a manifold for supplying air to the combustion chamber from above the burner disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and spiral vanes on the lower surface of said burner disc for imparting a whirling motion to the air admitted from beneath the burner disc.

12. In an oil burner, a supporting base having an extension, a combustion chamber a burning surface, means for supplying oi to said burning surface, a valve for varying the supply of oil, a manifold through which air passes to the combustion chamber, a valve within said manifold and co-operating therewith for automatically varying the amount of air passing therethrough as the oil supply is varied, a rod carrying said air control valve, a link operably connected to the oil sup 1y valve, an upright member secured to tie extension of said supportin base, and a lever pivotally connected to said upright member and connected at one end to the rod carrying the air control valve, and at its other end to the link operably connected to the oil supply valve.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

GEQRGE H. CROWELL.

' within the manifold adjacent the outlet thereof around which air asses downwardly onto the burning sui ace, means independent of said manifold for supplyingan 6 additional amount of air to said urmng surface from beneath, and means for simultaneously adjusting the valve with respect to the manifold to vary the volume of .air supplied to the burning surface through the manifold.

5. In an oil burner, a burner plate hava substantially flat surface and an oil conduit extending therethrough at one side only, means for supplying oil through said conduit to said burner plate, and means between said conduit and the side of the plate adjacent thereto for causing a substantially even distribution of the oil over said plate.

6. In an oil burner, a burner plate having a substantially flat surface and an oil conduit extending therethrough at one side thereof only, means for supplying oil through said conduit to said burner plate, and a curved projection on one side of said burner plate for causin a substantially even distribution of the 011 over the surface thereof.

7. In an oil stationary burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said burner disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber and means on the lower surface of said disc for imparting a whirling motion to the air.

8. In an oil stationary burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and spiral vanes on the lower surface of said disc for imparting a whirling motion to the air.

9. In an oil burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said disc, means for supplying air to the combustion chamber from above the burner disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and means for imparting a whirling motion to the air admitted from beneath the burner disc.

10. In an oil burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to the combustion chamber from above said burner disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and means on the lower surface of said burner disc for imparting a whirling mo- 00 tion to the air admitted from beneath the burner disc.

11. In an oil burner, a combustion chamber, a burner disc on which combustion takes place, means for supplying oil to said disc, a manifold for supplying air to the combustion chamber from above the burner disc, means for admitting air to the combustion chamber from beneath the burner disc, and spiral vanes on the lower surface of said burner disc for imparting a whirlmg motion to the air admitted from beneath the burner disc.

12. In an oil burner, a supporting base having an extension, a combustion chamber, a burning surface, means for supplying oil to said burning surface, a valve for varying the supply of oil, a manifold through which air passes to the combustion chamber, a valve within said manifold and co-operating therewith for automatically varying the amount of air passing therethrough as the oil supply is varied, a rod carrying said air control valve, a link operably connected to the oil supply valve, an upright member secured to the extension of said supportin base, and a lever pivotally connected to sai upright member and connected at one end to the rod carrying the air control valve, and at its other end to the link operablv connected to the oil supply valve.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

GEORGE H. CROWELL.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,621,313.

Granted March 15. 1927. to

GEORGE H. CROWELL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 3, lines 28 and 35, claims 7 and 8 respectively, strike out the word "stationary" and insert the same to follow before the word "burner" in lines 29 and 36, same claims; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 12th day of April, A. D. 1927.

Sea].

M. J. Moore, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

CERTIFICATE OF CGRRECTiON.

Patent No. 1,621,313. Granted March 15. i927. to

GEORGE H. CROWELL.

it is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 3, lines 28 and 35. claims 7 and 8 respectively, strike out the word "stationary and insert the some to follow before the word "burner" in lines 29 and 36. same claims; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 12th day of April, A. D. 1927.

M. J. Moore. Seal. Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

